617 lines
21 KiB
Text
617 lines
21 KiB
Text
// vim: set syntax=asciidoc:
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The XBPS source packages manual
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===============================
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Juan RP <xtraeme@gmail.com>
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:Author Initials: JRP
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:toc:
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:icons:
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:numbered:
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:website: http://www.voidlinux.eu
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This article contains an exhaustive manual of how to create new source
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packages for XBPS, the `Void Linux` native packaging system.
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Introduction
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------------
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The `xbps-packages` repository contains all `source` packages that are the
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recipes to download, compile and build binary packages for `Void`.
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Those `source` package files are called `templates`.
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The `template files` are `GNU bash` shell scripts that must define some required/optional
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`variables` and `functions` that are processed by `xbps-src` (the package builder)
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to generate the resulting binary packages.
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A simple `template` example is as follows:
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Template file for 'foo'
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pkgname="foo"
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version="1.0"
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revision=1
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build_style=gnu-configure
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short_desc="A short description max 72 chars"
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maintainer="name <email>"
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license="GPL-3"
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homepage="http://www.foo.org"
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distfiles="http://www.foo.org/foo-${version}.tar.gz"
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checksum="fea0a94d4b605894f3e2d5572e3f96e4413bcad3a085aae7367c2cf07908b2ff"
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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The template file contains definitions to download, build and install the
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package files to a `fake destdir`, and after this a binary package can be
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generated with the definitions specified on it.
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Don't worry if anything is not clear as it should be. The reserved `variables`
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and `functions` will be explained later. This `template` file should be created
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in a directory matching `$pkgname`, i.e: `xbps-packages/srcpkgs/foo/template`.
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If everything went fine after running `xbps-src build-pkg` a binary package
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called `foo-1.0_1.<arch>.xbps` will be generated in the local repository:
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`<masterdir>/host/binpkgs`.
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Subpackages
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-----------
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In the example shown above just a binary package is generated, but with some
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simple tweaks multiple binary packages can be generated from a single
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template/build, this is called `subpackages`.
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To create additional `subpackages` the `template` must define a new function
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with this naming: `<subpkgname>_package()`, i.e:
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Template file for 'foo'
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pkgname="foo"
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version="1.0"
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revision=1
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build_style=gnu-configure
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short_desc="A short description max 72 chars"
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maintainer="name <email>"
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license="GPL-3"
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homepage="http://www.foo.org"
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distfiles="http://www.foo.org/foo-${version}.tar.gz"
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checksum="fea0a94d4b605894f3e2d5572e3f96e4413bcad3a085aae7367c2cf07908b2ff"
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# foo-devel is a subpkg
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foo-devel_package() {
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short_desc+=" - development files"
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depends="${sourcepkg}>=${version}_${revision}"
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pkg_install() {
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vmove usr/include
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vmove usr/lib/pkgconfig
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}
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}
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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All subpackages need an additional symlink to the `main` pkg, i.e:
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----------------------------------
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/srcpkgs
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|- foo <- directory (main pkg)
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| |- template
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|- foo-devel <- symlink to `foo`
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----------------------------------
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Otherwise dependencies requiring those packages won't find its `template`
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file.
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Package build phases
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--------------------
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Building a package consist of the following phases:
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*fetch*::
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This phase downloads required sources for a `source package`, as defined by
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the `distfiles` variable or `do_fetch()` function.
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*extract*::
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This phase extracts the `distfiles` files into `$wrksrc` or executes the `do_extract()`
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function, which is the directory to be used to compile the `source package`.
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*configure*::
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This phase executes the `configuration` of a `source package`, i.e `GNU configure scripts`.
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*build*::
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This phase compiles/prepares the `source files` via `make` or any other compatible method.
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*install*::
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This phase installs the `package files` into a `fake destdir`, via `make install` or
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any other compatible method.
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*package*::
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This phase builds the `binary packages` with files stored in the `package destdir`
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and registers them into the local repository.
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`xbps-src` supports running just the specified phase, and if it ran
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successfully, the phase will be skipped later (unless its work directory
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`${wrksrc}` is removed with `xbps-src clean`).
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Global functions
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----------------
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The following functions are defined by `xbps-src` and can be used on any template:
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*vinstall()*::
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`vinstall <file> <mode> <targetdir> [<name>]`
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Installs `file` with the specified `mode` into `targetdir` into the pkg `$DESTDIR`
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The optional 4th argument can be used to change the `file name`.
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*vcopy()*::
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`vcopy <pattern> <targetdir>`
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Copies resursively all files in `pattern` to `targetdir` into the pkg `$DESTDIR`
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*vmove()*::
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`vmove <pattern>`
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Moves `pattern` to the specified directory in the pkg `$DESTDIR`
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*vmkdir()*::
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`vmkdir <directory> [<mode>]`
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Creates a directory in the pkg `$DESTDIR`.
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The 2nd optional argument sets the mode of the directory.
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NOTE: shell wildcards must be properly quoted, i.e `vmove "usr/lib/*.a"`.
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Global variables
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----------------
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The following variables are defined by `xbps-src` and can be used on any template:
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*makejobs*::
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Set to `-jX` if `XBPS_MAKEJOBS` is defined, to allow parallel jobs with `GNU make`.
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*sourcepkg*::
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Set to the to main package name, can be used to match the main package
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rather than additional binary package names.
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*CHROOT_READY*::
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True if the target chroot (masterdir) is ready for chroot builds.
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*CROSS_BUILD*::
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True if `xbps-src` is cross compiling a package.
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*DESTDIR*::
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Full path to the fake destdir used by the source pkg, set to
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`${XBPS_MASTERDIR}/destdir/${sourcepkg}-${version}`.
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*FILESDIR*::
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Full path to the `files` package directory, i.e `srcpkgs/foo/files`.
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The `files` directory can be used to store additional files to be installed
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as part of the source package.
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*PKGDESTDIR*::
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Full path to the fake destdir used by the `pkg_install()` function in
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`subpackages`, set to `${XBPS_MASTERDIR}/destdir/${pkgname}-${version}`.
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*XBPS_BUILDDIR*::
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Directory to store the `source code` of the source package being processed.
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Usually this follows the `${pkgname}-${version}` naming. The `wrksrc`
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variable has the full path to the package source code directory.
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*XBPS_MACHINE*::
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The machine architecture as returned by `uname -m`.
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*XBPS_SRCDISTDIR*::
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Full path to where the `source distfiles` are stored, i.e `$XBPS_HOSTDIR/sources`.
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*XBPS_SRCPKGDIR*::
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Full path to the `srcpkgs` directory.
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*XBPS_TARGET_MACHINE*::
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The target machine architecture when cross compiling a package.
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*XBPS_FETCH_CMD*::
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The utility to fetch files from `ftp`, `http` of `https` servers.
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Available variables
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-------------------
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Mandatory variables
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The list of mandatory variables for a template:
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*homepage*::
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A string pointing to the `upstream` homepage.
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*license*::
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A string matching any license file available in `/usr/share/licenses`.
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Multiple licenses should be separated by commas, i.e `GPL-3, LGPL-2.1`.
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*maintainer*::
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A string in the form of `name <user@domain>`.
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*pkgname*::
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A string with the package name, matching `srcpkgs/<pkgname>`.
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*revision*::
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A number that must be set to 1 when the `source package` is created, or
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updated to a new `upstream version`. This should only be increased when
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the generated `binary packages` have been modified.
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*short_desc*::
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A string with a brief description for this package. Max 72 chars.
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*version*::
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A string with the package version. Must not contain dashes and at least
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one digit is required.
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Optional variables
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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*hostmakedepends*::
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The list of `host` dependencies required to build the package. Dependencies
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can be specified with the following version comparators: `<`, `>`, `<=`, `>=`
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or `foo-1.0_1` to match an exact version. If version comparator is not
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defined (just a package name), the version comparator is automatically set to `>=0`.
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Example `hostmakedepends="foo blah<1.0"`.
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*makedepends*::
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The list of `target` dependencies required to build the package. Dependencies
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can be specified with the following version comparators: `<`, `>`, `<=`, `>=`
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or `foo-1.0_1` to match an exact version. If version comparator is not
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defined (just a package name), the version comparator is automatically set to `>=0`.
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Example `makedepends="foo blah>=1.0"`.
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*bootstrap*::
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If enabled the source package is considered to be part of the `bootstrap`
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process and required to be able to build packages in the chroot. Only a
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small number of packages must set this property.
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*distfiles*::
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The full URL to the `upstream` source distribution files. Multiple files
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can be separated by blanks. The files must end in `.tar.lzma`, `.tar.xz`,
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`.txz`, `.tar.bz2`, `.tbz`, `.tar.gz`, `.tgz`, `.gz`, `.bz2`, `.tar` or
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`.zip`. Example `distfiles="http://foo.org/foo-1.0.tar.gz"`
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*checksum*::
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The `sha256` digests matching `${distfiles}`. Multiple files can be
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separated by blanks. Please note that the order must be the same than
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was used in `${distfiles}`. Example `checksum="kkas00xjkjas"`
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*wrksrc*::
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The directory name where the package sources are extracted, by default
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set to `${pkgname}-${version}`.
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*build_wrksrc*::
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A directory relative to `${wrksrc}` that will be used when building the package.
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*create_wrksrc*::
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Enable it to create the `${wrksrc}` directory. Required if a package
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contains multiple `distfiles`.
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*only_for_archs*::
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This expects a separated list of architectures where the package can be
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built matching `uname -m` output. Example `only_for_archs="x86_64 armv6l"`
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*build_style*::
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This specifies the `build method` for a package. Read below to know more
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about the available package `build methods`. If `build_style` is not set,
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the package must define at least a `do_install()` function, and optionally
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more build phases as such `do_configure()`, `do_build()`, etc.
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*create_srcdir*::
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This creates a directory in `${XBPS_SRCDISTDIR}` as such `${pkgname}-${version}`
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to store the package sources at the `extract` phase. Required in packages that
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use unversioned ${distfiles}`.
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*configure_script*::
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The name of the `configure` script to execute at the `configure` phase if
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`${build_style}` is set to `configure` or `gnu-configure` build methods.
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By default set to `./configure`.
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*configure_args*::
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The arguments to be passed in to the `configure` script if `${build_style}`
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is set to `configure` or `gnu-configure` build methods. By default, prefix
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must be set to `/usr`. In `gnu-configure` packages, some options are already
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set by default: `--prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc --infodir=/usr/share/info --mandir=/usr/share/man --localstatedir=/var`.
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*make_cmd*::
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The executable to run at the `build` phase if `${build_style}` is set to
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`configure`, `gnu-configure` or `gnu-makefile` build methods.
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By default set to `make`.
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*make_build_args*::
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The arguments to be passed in to `${make_cmd}` at the build phase if
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`${build_style}` is set to `configure`, `gnu-configure` or `gnu_makefile`
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build methods. Unset by default.
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*make_install_args*::
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The arguments to be passed in to `${make_cmd}` at the `install-destdir`
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phase if `${build_style}` is set to `configure`, `gnu-configure` or
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`gnu_makefile` build methods. By default set to
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`PREFIX=/usr DESTDIR=${DESTDIR}`.
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*make_build_target*::
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The target to be passed in to `${make_cmd}` at the build phase if
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`${build_style}` is set to `configure`, `gnu-configure` or `gnu_makefile`
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build methods. Unset by default (`all` target).
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*make_install_target*::
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The target to be passed in to `${make_cmd}` at the `install-destdir` phase
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if `${build_style}` is set to `configure`, `gnu-configure` or `gnu_makefile`
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build methods. By default set to `install`.
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*patch_args*::
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The arguments to be passed in to the `patch(1)` command when applying
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patches to the package sources after `do_extract()`. Patches are stored in
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`srcpkgs/<pkgname>/patches` and must be in `-p0` format. By default set to `-Np0`.
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*disable_parallel_build*::
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If set the package won't be built in parallel and `XBPS_MAKEJOBS` has no effect.
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*keep_libtool_archives*::
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If enabled the `GNU Libtool` archives won't be removed. By default those
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files are always removed automatically.
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*skip_extraction*::
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A list of filenames that should not be extracted in the `extract` phase.
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This must match the basename of any url defined in `${distfiles}`.
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Example `skip_extraction="foo-${version}.tar.gz"`.
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*force_debug_pkgs*::
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If enabled binary packages with debugging symbols will be generated
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even if `XBPS_DEBUG_PKGS` is disabled in `xbps-src.conf` or in the
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`command line arguments`.
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*conf_files*::
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A list of configuration files the binary package owns; this expects full
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paths, and multiple entries can be separated by blanks, i.e:
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`conf_files="/etc/foo.conf /etc/foo2.conf"`.
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*noarch*::
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If set, the binary package is not architecture specific and can be shared
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by all supported architectures.
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*nonfree*::
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If set, the binary package will be put into the *non free* repository.
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*nostrip*::
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If set, the ELF binaries with debugging symbols won't be stripped. By
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default all binaries are stripped.
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build style scripts
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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The `build_style` variable specifies the build method to build and install a
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package. It expects the name of any available script in the
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`/usr/share/xbps-src/build_style` directory. Please note that required packages
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to execute a `build_style` script must be defined via `hostmakedepends`.
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The current list of available `build_style` scripts is the following:
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*cmake*::
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For packages that use the CMake build system, configuration arguments
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can be passed in via `configure_args`.
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*configure*::
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For packages that use non-GNU configure scripts, at least `--prefix=/usr`
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should be passed in via `configure_args`.
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*gnu-configure*::
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For packages that use GNU configure scripts, additional configuration
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arguments can be passed in via `configure_args`.
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*gnu-makefile*::
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For packages that use GNU make, build arguments can be passed in via
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`make_build_args` and install arguments via `make_install_args`. The build
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target can be overriden via `make_build_target` and the install target
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via `make_install_target`.
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*meta*::
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For `meta-packages`, i.e packages that only install local files or simply
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depend on additional packages. This build style does not install
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dependencies to the root directory, and only checks if a binary package is
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available in repositories.
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*perl-ModuleBuild*::
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For packages that use the Perl
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http://search.cpan.org/~leont/Module-Build-0.4202/lib/Module/Build.pm[Module::Build] method.
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*perl*::
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For packages that use the Perl
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http://perldoc.perl.org/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.html[ExtUtils::MakeMaker] build method.
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*python-module*::
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For packages that use the Python module build method (setup.py).
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*waf3*::
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For packages that use the Python3 `waf` build method with python3.
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*waf*::
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For packages that use the Python `waf` method with python2.
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NOTE: if `build_style` is not set, the template must (at least) define a
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`do_install()` function and optionally more phases via `do_xxx()` functions.
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Functions
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~~~~~~~~~
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The following functions can be defined to change the behavior of how the
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package is downloaded, compiled and installed.
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*do_fetch()*::
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if defined and `distfiles` is not set, use it to fetch the required sources.
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*do_extract()*::
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if defined and `distfiles` is not set, use it to extract the required sources.
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*post_extract()*::
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Actions to execute after `do_extract()`.
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*pre_configure()*::
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Actions to execute after `post_extract()`.
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*do_configure()*::
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Actions to execute to configure the package; `${configure_args}` should
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still be passed in if it's a GNU configure script.
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*post_configure()*::
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Actions to execute after `do_configure()`.
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*pre_build()*::
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Actions to execute after `post_configure()`.
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*do_build()*::
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Actions to execute to build the package.
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*post_build()*::
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Actions to execute after `do_build()`.
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*pre_install()*::
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Actions to execute after `post_build()`.
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*do_install()*::
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Actions to execute to install the packages files into the `fake destdir`.
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*post_install()*::
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Actions to execute after `do_install()`.
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NOTE: A function defined in a template has preference over the same function
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defined by a `build_style` script.
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Build options
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-------------
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Some packages might be built with different build options to enable/disable
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additional features; `xbps-src` allows you to do this with some simple tweaks
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to the `template` file.
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The following variables may be set to allow package build options:
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*build_options*::
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Sets the build options supported by the source package.
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*build_options_default*::
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Sets the default build options to be used by the source package.
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*desc_option_<option>*::
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Sets the description for the build option `option`. This must match the
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keyword set in *build_options*.
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After defining those required variables, you can check for the
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`build_option_<option>` variable to know if it has been set and adapt the source
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package accordingly.
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The following example shows how to change a source package that uses GNU
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configure to enable a new build option to support PNG images:
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-----------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Template file for 'foo'
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pkgname=foo
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version=1.0
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revision=1
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build_style=gnu-configure
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...
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# Package build options
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build_options="png"
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desc_option_png="Enable support for PNG images"
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# To build the package by default with the `png` option:
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#
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# build_options_default="png"
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if [ "$build_option_png" ]; then
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configure_args+=" --with-png"
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makedepends+=" libpng-devel"
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else
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configure_args+=" --without-png"
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fi
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...
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|
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|
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
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|
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|
The supported build options for a source package can be shown with xbps-src:
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|
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|
---------------------------
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|
$ xbps-src show-options foo
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---------------------------
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|
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|
Build options can be enabled with the `-o` flag of xbps-src:
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|
|
|
--------------------------------
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|
$ xbps-src -o option,option1 foo
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|
--------------------------------
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|
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|
Build options can be disabled by prefixing them with `~`:
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|
|
|
----------------------------------
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|
$ xbps-src -o ~option,~option1 foo
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|
----------------------------------
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|
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|
Both ways can be used together to enable and/or disable multiple options
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|
at the same time with xbps-src:
|
|
|
|
------------------------------------------
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|
$ xbps-src -o option,~option1,~option2 foo
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|
------------------------------------------
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|
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|
The build options can also be shown for binary packages via `xbps-query(8)`:
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|
|
|
--------------------------------------------
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|
$ xbps-query -R --property=build-options foo
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|
--------------------------------------------
|
|
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|
Run-time dependencies
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|
---------------------
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|
Dependencies for ELF executables or shared libraries are detected
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|
automatically by `xbps-src`, hence run-time dependencies must not be specified
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|
in templates with the following exceptions:
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|
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|
- ELF binaries using dlopen(3).
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|
- non ELF objects, i.e perl/python/ruby/etc modules.
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|
- Overriding the minimal version specified in the `shlibs` file.
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|
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|
The run-time dependencies for ELF binaries are detected by checking which SONAMEs
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|
use and then the SONAMEs are mapped to a binary package name with a minimal
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|
required version. The `shlibs` file in the `xbps-packages/common` directory
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|
sets up the `SONAME pkgname>=version` mappings.
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|
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|
For example the `foo-1.0_1` package provides the `libfoo.so.1` SONAME and
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|
software requiring this library will link to `libfoo`; the resulting binary
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|
package will have a run-time dependency to `foo>=1.0_1` package as specified in
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|
`common/shlibs`:
|
|
|
|
-----------------------
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|
# common/shlibs
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|
...
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|
libfoo.so.1 foo-1.0_1
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|
...
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|
-----------------------
|
|
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|
- The first field specifies the SONAME.
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|
- The second field specified the package name and minimal version required.
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|
- A third optional field specifies the architecture (rarely used).
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|
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|
Contributing via git
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|
--------------------
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|
You can fork the `xbps-packages` git repository on github and then set up
|
|
a remote to pull in new changes:
|
|
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------------
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|
$ git remote add upstream git://github.com/voidlinux/xbps-packages.git
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|
----------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
To pull in new changes from `upstream`:
|
|
|
|
--------------------------
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|
$ git pull upstream master
|
|
--------------------------
|
|
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|
Once you've made changes to your `forked` repository you can submit
|
|
a github pull request; see
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|
https://help.github.com/articles/fork-a-repo[github's help]
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|
for more information.
|
|
|
|
For commit messages please use the following rules:
|
|
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|
- If you've imported a new package use `"New package: <pkgver>"`.
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|
- If you've updated a package use `"<pkgname>: updated to <version>"`.
|
|
- If you've removed a package use `"<pkgname>: removed ..."`.
|
|
- If you've modified a package use `"<pkgname>: ..."`.
|
|
|
|
Help
|
|
----
|
|
If after reading this `manual` you still need some kind of help, please join
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|
us at `#xbps` via IRC at `irc.freenode.net`.
|