235 lines
8.3 KiB
Text
235 lines
8.3 KiB
Text
xbps-src - building packages from source
|
|
========================================
|
|
|
|
Introduction
|
|
------------
|
|
`xbps-src` is the utility used by the _X binary package system_ to build
|
|
binary packages from source distribution files. A root directory (`srcpkgs`)
|
|
contains multiple subdirs, each one to build a package as its name
|
|
indicates. The following directory structure illustrates it:
|
|
+
|
|
+
|
|
.................................
|
|
xbps-templates/
|
|
|
|
|
|-----srcpkgs/
|
|
|
|
|
|-----binutils/
|
|
|-----gcc/
|
|
|-----glibc/
|
|
..................................
|
|
|
|
A package subdirectory always has a `template` file, that are the
|
|
specifications to download and build the binary package from its source files.
|
|
Additionally some packages may have additional subdirs on it: `files`
|
|
and `patches`. The `files` subdir may contain configuration files, or
|
|
any other file required to build the package. The `patches` subdir contains
|
|
patches that are applied to the source before building.
|
|
+
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
Some packages may provide `subpackages`; they are different binary packages
|
|
that are built from the same source package. Each `subpackage` in the directory
|
|
structure (as shown above) is a symlink to the `real` package subdir, like this:
|
|
+
|
|
+
|
|
....................................
|
|
srcpkgs/
|
|
|
|
|
|-----gcc/
|
|
|-----libgomp -> gcc
|
|
|-----libmudflap -> gcc
|
|
|-----libstdc++ -> gcc
|
|
....................................
|
|
|
|
Each subpackage uses its own `template` build file that is contained in
|
|
the `real` package subdir, and they have exactly the same name than the
|
|
symlink pointing to the `real` package subdir. The following example
|
|
illustrates the structure used by the _udev_ package in the filesystem:
|
|
+
|
|
+
|
|
.......................................
|
|
srcpkgs/
|
|
|
|
|
|-----libgudev-devel -> udev
|
|
|-----libgudev -> udev
|
|
|-----libudev-devel -> udev
|
|
|-----libudev -> udev
|
|
|-----udev/
|
|
|----template
|
|
|----libgudev-devel.template
|
|
|----libgudev.template
|
|
|----libudev-devel.template
|
|
|----libudev.template
|
|
.......................................
|
|
|
|
Requirements
|
|
------------
|
|
The following software is required in the host system to install xbps-src
|
|
and its helpers:
|
|
|
|
- GCC, make, sed and libcap (depelopment package and setcap(8) command).
|
|
|
|
To build binary packages with xbps-src also the following software needs
|
|
to be installed into the host system:
|
|
|
|
- awk, bash, bison, gcc c++, gettext, path, texinfo, perl and fakeroot.
|
|
|
|
Additionally if you want to work as 'root':
|
|
|
|
- sudo
|
|
|
|
Starting up
|
|
-----------
|
|
Firstly you'll have to download the `git` repository that contains `xbps-src`
|
|
and the build template files. To clone it with `git` use:
|
|
|
|
----------------------------------------------------
|
|
$ git clone git://repo.or.cz/xbps.git xbps-templates
|
|
----------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
`xbps-src` and its shell utilities need to be installed in a directory
|
|
for correct operation, that is accomplished by issuing:
|
|
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
$ cd xbps-templates/xbps-src && make install clean
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
This will install all files into `/usr/local` by default, can be changed
|
|
by specifying `PREFIX` and `DESTDIR` to make(1).
|
|
|
|
Building packages from source
|
|
-----------------------------
|
|
`xbps-src` always look for a `template` file in current directory, that's what
|
|
it specifies the package build definitions and such. The build templates
|
|
are located in the `srcpkgs` directory, you should change the cwd to the
|
|
directory matching the package that you want to work on, i.e for binutils,
|
|
its directory is `srcpkgs/binutils`.
|
|
+
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
If configuration file is not specified from the command line with the
|
|
`-c` flag, it will first try to use the default location at
|
|
`/usr/local/etc/xbps-src.conf` (or the installation prefix that was specified
|
|
to the make(1) command), and as last resort in the etc directory of the
|
|
current directory.
|
|
+
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
To avoid problems with libtool and configure scripts finding stuff that is
|
|
available in the host system, almost all packages must be built inside of a
|
|
chroot. So the first thing would be to create the required set of packages
|
|
that will be used in the chroot:
|
|
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
$ cd xbps-templates/srcpkgs/xbps-base-chroot && xbps-src install
|
|
----------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
This will build all required packages via fakeroot in masterdir, therefore you
|
|
can run it as normal user. Once 'xbps-src-chroot' has been built and installed
|
|
into the 'masterdir' all packages will be built inside of the chroot.
|
|
|
|
'xbps-src' supports building packages in the chroot with your normal user,
|
|
thanks to the *POSIX.1e Capabilities* support in the Linux kernel. To use this
|
|
the target filesystem must support *extended attributes*, right now they
|
|
are supported on all most common filesytems, such as *ext2*, *ext3*, *ext4*,
|
|
*xfs*, etc. To enable this feature you have to uncomment the option
|
|
'XBPS_USE_CAPABILITIES' from *xbps-src.conf*. *Please note* that it's
|
|
commented out (disabled) by default.
|
|
|
|
I believe it's the most easier and faster way to handle clean dependencies;
|
|
another reason would be that xbps packages are meant to be used in a system and
|
|
not just for ordinary users. So once all packages are built, you can create and
|
|
enter to the chroot with:
|
|
|
|
----------------------
|
|
$ xbps-src chroot
|
|
----------------------
|
|
|
|
Press Control + D to exit from the chroot. The following targets will require
|
|
to be done in the chroot (_once xbps-base-chroot is installed_):
|
|
*build, configure, install, install-destdir, remove, stow and unstow*
|
|
+
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
Now let's explain some more about the targets that you can use. To start
|
|
installing packages you should use the install target, all source packages
|
|
are located in the `srcpkgs` directory, so to install glib:
|
|
|
|
------------------------------------------
|
|
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src install
|
|
------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
If the package is properly installed, it will be "stowned" automatically.
|
|
``stowned'' means that this package is available in the master directory,
|
|
on which xpbs has symlinked all files from DESTDIR/<pkgname>.
|
|
+
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
To remove a currently installed (and stowned) package, you can use:
|
|
|
|
-----------------------------------------
|
|
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src remove
|
|
-----------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Please note that when you remove it, the package will also be removed
|
|
from XBPS_DESTDIR and previously `unstowned`.
|
|
+
|
|
+
|
|
|
|
To stow an already installed package (from XBPS_DESTDIR/<pkgname>):
|
|
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src stow
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
To unstow an already installed (stowned) package:
|
|
|
|
-----------------------------------------
|
|
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src unstow
|
|
-----------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
You can also print some stuff about any template build file, e.g:
|
|
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src info
|
|
---------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
To list installed (stowned) packages, use this:
|
|
---------------
|
|
$ xbps-src list
|
|
---------------
|
|
|
|
To only extract the distfiles, without configuring/building/installing:
|
|
|
|
------------------------------------------
|
|
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src extract
|
|
------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
To not remove the build directory after successful installation:
|
|
|
|
---------------------------------------------
|
|
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src -C install
|
|
---------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
To only fetch the distfile:
|
|
----------------------------------------
|
|
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src fetch
|
|
----------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
To only install the package, _without_ stowning it into the master directory:
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
$ cd srcpkgs/<pkgname> && xbps-src install-destdir
|
|
--------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
To list files installed by a package, note that package must be installed
|
|
into destination directory first:
|
|
------------------------------
|
|
$ xbps-src listfiles <pkgname>
|
|
------------------------------
|
|
|
|
That should be enough to get you started. If you have any question or
|
|
suggestion about *xbps-src* and the build templates, don't forget that there
|
|
is a mailing list to talk about it on:
|
|
|
|
http://groups.google.com/xbps
|