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The XBPS source packages manual
===============================
Juan RP <xtraeme@gmail.com>
:Author Initials: JRP
:toc:
:icons:
:numbered:
:website: http://www.voidlinux.eu
This article contains an exhaustive manual of how to create new source
packages for XBPS, the package manager of the *Void Linux distribution*.
Introduction
------------
The `xbps-packages` repository contains all `source` packages that are the
recipes to download, compile and build binary packages for `Void`.
Those `source` package files are called `templates`.
The `template files` are `GNU Bash` scripts that must define some required/optional
`variables` and `functions` that are processed by `xbps-src` (the package builder)
to generate the resulting binary packages.
A simple `template` example is as follows:
# Template file for 'foo'
# source section
pkgname="foo"
version="1.0"
revision="1"
build_style="gnu-configure"
short_desc="A short description max 72 chars"
maintainer="name <email>"
license="GPL-3"
homepage="http://www.foo.org"
distfiles="http://www.foo.org/foo-${version}.tar.gz"
checksum="fea0a94d4b605894f3e2d5572e3f96e4413bcad3a085aae7367c2cf07908b2ff"
# end of source section
# package section
foo_package() {
pkg_install() {
vmove all
}
}
# end of package section
There are two main `sections` in a template: the `source section` and the
`package section`. The `source section` contains definitions to download, build
and install the package files to a `fake destdir`. The `package section`
contains the definitions to how the resulting binary packages are generated.
A template always requires at least a `source section` and a `package section`;
multiple `package sections` can be defined to generate `multiple binary packages`.
Don't worry if anything is not clear as it should be. The reserved `variables`
and `functions` will be explained later. This `template` file should be created
in a directory matching `$pkgname`, i.e: `xbps-packages/srcpkgs/foo/template`.
If everything went fine after running `xbps-src build-pkg` a binary package
called `foo-1.0_1.<arch>.xbps` will be generated in the local repository.
Package build phases
--------------------
Building a package consist of the following phases:
`fetch`::
This phase downloads required sources for a `source package`, as defined by
the `distfiles` variable or `do_fetch()` function.
`extract`::
This phase extracts the `distfiles` files into `$wrksrc` or executes the `do_extract()`
function, which is the directory to be used to compile the `source package`.
`configure`::
This phase executes the `configuration` of a `source package`, i.e `GNU configure scripts`.
`build`::
This phase compiles/prepares the `source files` via `make` or any other compatible method.
`install-destdir`::
This phase installs the `package files` into a `fake destdir`, via `make install` or
any other compatible method.
`build-pkg`::
This phase builds the `binary packages` with files stored in the `package destdir`.
`xbps-src` supports running just the specified phase, and if it ran
successfully, the phase will be skipped later (unless its work directory
`${wrksrc}` is removed with `xbps-src clean`).
Global variables
----------------
The following variables are defined by `xbps-src` and can be used on any template:
`makejobs`::
Set to `-jX` if `XBPS_MAKEJOBS` is defined, to allow parallel jobs with `GNU make`.
`sourcepkg`::
Set to the to main package name, can be used to match the main package
rather than additional binary package names.
`CHROOT_READY`::
True if the target chroot (masterdir) is ready for chroot builds.
`CROSS_BUILD`::
True if `xbps-src` is cross compiling a package.
`DESTDIR`::
Full path to the fake destdir used by the `source section`, set to
`${XBPS_MASTERDIR}/destdir/${sourcepkg}-${version}`.
`PKGDESTDIR`::
Full path to the fake destdir used by the `pkg_install()` function in the
`package section`, set to `${XBPS_MASTERDIR}/destdir/pkg-${pkgname}-${version}`.
`XBPS_MACHINE`::
The machine architecture as returned by `uname -m`.
`XBPS_SRCDISTDIR`::
Full path to where the `source distfiles` are stored, i.e `$XBPS_HOSTDIR/sources`.
`XBPS_SRCPKGDIR`::
Full path to the `srcpkgs` directory.
`XBPS_TARGET_MACHINE`::
The target machine architecture when cross compiling a package.
source section - mandatory variables
------------------------------------
The list of mandatory variables in the `source section`:
`homepage`::
A string pointing to the `upstream` homepage.
`license`::
A string matching any license file available in `/usr/share/licenses`.
Multiple licenses should be separated by commas, i.e `GPL-3, LGPL-2.1`.
`maintainer`::
A string in the form of `name <user@domain>`.
`pkgname`::
A string with the package name, matching `srcpkgs/<pkgname>`.
`revision`::
A number that must be set to 1 when the `source package` is created, or
updated to a new `upstream version`. This should only be increased when
the generated `binary packages` have been modified.
`short_desc`::
A string with a brief description for this package. Max 72 chars.
`version`::
A string with the package version. Must not contain dashes and at least
one digit is required.
source section - optional variables
-----------------------------------
`hostmakedepends`::
The list of `host` dependencies required to build the package. Dependencies
can be specified with the following version comparators: `<`, `>`, `<=`, `>=`
or `foo-1.0_1` to match an exact version. If version comparator is not
defined (just a package name), the version comparator is automatically set to `>=0`.
Example `hostmakedepends="foo blah<1.0"`.
`makedepends`::
The list of `target` dependencies required to build the package. Dependencies
can be specified with the following version comparators: `<`, `>`, `<=`, `>=`
or `foo-1.0_1` to match an exact version. If version comparator is not
defined (just a package name), the version comparator is automatically set to `>=0`.
Example `makedepends="foo blah>=1.0"`.
`bootstrap`::
If enabled the source package is considered to be part of the `bootstrap`
process and required to be able to build packages in the chroot. Only a
small number of packages must set this property.
`distfiles`::
The full URL to the `upstream` source distribution files. Multiple files
can be separated by blanks. The files must end in `.tar.lzma`, `.tar.xz`,
`.txz`, `.tar.bz2`, `.tbz`, `.tar.gz`, `.tgz`, `.gz`, `.bz2`, `.tar` or
`.zip`. Example `distfiles="http://foo.org/foo-1.0.tar.gz"`
`checksum`::
The `sha256` digests matching `${distfiles}`. Multiple files can be
separated by blanks. Please note that the order must be the same than
was used in `${distfiles}`. Example `checksum="kkas00xjkjas"`
`long_desc`::
A long description of the main package. Max 80 chars per line and must
not contain the following characters: `&`, `<`, `>`.
`wrksrc`::
The directory name where the package sources are extracted, by default
set to `${pkgname}-${version}`.
`build_wrksrc`::
A directory relative to `${wrksrc}` that will be used when building the package.
`create_wrksrc`::
Enable it to create the `${wrksrc}` directory. Required if a package
contains multiple `distfiles`.
`only_for_archs`::
This expects a separated list of architectures where the package can be
built matching `uname -m` output. Example `only_for_archs="x86_64 armv6l"`
`build_style`::
This specifies the `build method` for a package. Read below to know more
about the available package `build methods`. If `build_style` is not set,
the package must define at least a `do_install()` function, and optionally
more build phases as such `do_configure()`, `do_build()`, etc.
`create_srcdir`::
This creates a directory in `${XBPS_SRCDISTDIR}` as such `${pkgname}-${version}`
to store the package sources at the `extract` phase. Required in packages that
use unversioned ${distfiles}`.
`configure_script`::
The name of the `configure` script to execute at the `configure` phase if
`${build_style}` is set to `configure` or `gnu-configure` build methods.
By default set to `./configure`.
`configure_args`::
The arguments to be passed in to the `configure` script if `${build_style}`
is set to `configure` or `gnu-configure` build methods. By default, prefix
must be set to `/usr`. In `gnu-configure` packages, some options are already
set by default: `--prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc --infodir=/usr/share/info --mandir=/usr/share/man --localstatedir=/var`.
`make_cmd`::
The executable to run at the `build` phase if `${build_style}` is set to
`configure`, `gnu-configure` or `gnu-makefile` build methods.
By default set to `make`.
`make_build_args`::
The arguments to be passed in to `${make_cmd}` at the build phase if
`${build_style}` is set to `configure`, `gnu-configure` or `gnu_makefile`
build methods. Unset by default.
`make_install_args`::
The arguments to be passed in to `${make_cmd}` at the `install-destdir`
phase if `${build_style}` is set to `configure`, `gnu-configure` or
`gnu_makefile` build methods. Unset by default.
`make_build_target`::
The target to be passed in to `${make_cmd}` at the build phase if
`${build_style}` is set to `configure`, `gnu-configure` or `gnu_makefile`
build methods. Unset by default (`all` target).
`make_install_target`::
The target to be passed in to `${make_cmd}` at the `install-destdir` phase
if `${build_style}` is set to `configure`, `gnu-configure` or `gnu_makefile`
build methods. By default set to `DESTDIR=${DESTDIR} install`.
`patch_args`::
The arguments to be passed in to the `patch(1)` command when applying
patches to the package sources after `do_extract()`. Patches are stored in
`srcpkgs/<pkgname>/patches` and must be in `-p0` format. By default set to `-Np0`.
`disable_parallel_build`::
If set the package won't be built in parallel and `XBPS_MAKEJOBS` has no effect.
`keep_libtool_archives`::
If enabled the `GNU Libtool` archives won't be removed. By default those
files are always removed automatically.
`skip_extraction`::
A list of filenames that should not be extracted in the `extract` phase.
This must match the basename of any url defined in `${distfiles}`.
Example `skip_extraction="foo-${version}.tar.gz"`.
`force_debug_pkgs`::
If enabled binary packages with debugging symbols will be generated
even if `XBPS_DEBUG_PKGS` is disabled in `xbps-src.conf` or in the
`command line arguments`.
source section - build style
----------------------------
The `build_style` variable specifies the build method to build and install a
package. It expects the name of any available script in the
`/usr/share/xbps-src/build_style` directory. Please note that required packages
to execute a `build_style` script must be defined via `hostmakedepends`.
The current list of available `build_style` scripts is the following:
`cmake`::
For packages that use the CMake build system, configuration arguments
can be passed in via `configure_args`.
`configure`::
For packages that use non-GNU configure scripts, at least `--prefix=/usr`
should be passed in via `configure_args`.
`gnu-configure`::
For packages that use GNU configure scripts, additional configuration
arguments can be passed in via `configure_args`.
`gnu-makefile`::
For packages that use GNU make, build arguments can be passed in via
`make_build_args` and install arguments via `make_install_args`. The build
target can be overriden via `make_build_target` and the install target
`meta`::
For `meta-packages`, i.e packages that only install local files or simply
depend on additional packages.
`perl-ModuleBuild`::
For packages that use the Perl [Module::Build](http://search.cpan.org/~leont/Module-Build-0.4202/lib/Module/Build.pm) method.
`perl`::
For packages that use the standard Perl [ExtUtils::MakeMaker](http://perldoc.perl.org/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.html) build method.
`python-module`::
For packages that use the Python module build method (setup.py).
`waf3`::
For packages that use the Python3 `waf` build method with python3.
`waf`:
For packages that use the Python `waf` method with python2.
source section - functions
--------------------------
The following functions can be defined to change the behavior of how the package is downloaded, compiled and installed.
`do_fetch`::
if defined and `distfiles` is not set, use it to fetch the required sources.
`do_extract`::
if defined and `distfiles` is not set, use it to extract the required sources.
`post_extract`::
Actions to execute after `do_extract()`.
`pre_configure`::
Actions to execute after `post_extract()`.
`do_configure`::
Actions to execute to configure the package; `${configure_args}` should
still be passed in if it's a GNU configure script.
`post_configure`::
Actions to execute after `do_configure()`.
`pre_build`::
Actions to execute after `post_configure()`.
`do_build`::
Actions to execute to build the package.
`post_build`::
Actions to execute after `do_build()`.
`pre_install`::
Actions to execute after `post_build()`.
`do_install`::
Actions to execute to install the packages files into the `fake destdir`.
`post_install`::
Actions to execute after `do_install()`.
NOTE: a function defined in a template has preference over the same function
defined by a `build_style` script.