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StringMultiplication
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Jan Christian Grünhage 2016-01-13 18:48:57 +01:00
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<html>Simple <b>Java</b> application that includes a class with <code>main()</code> method</html>

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12
Multiplication.iml Normal file
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11
src/de/janchristiangruenhage/exceptions/FeatureNotImplementedYetException.java Normal file
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package de.janchristiangruenhage.exceptions;
public class FeatureNotImplementedYetException extends RuntimeException {
public FeatureNotImplementedYetException() {
super();
}
public FeatureNotImplementedYetException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}

166
src/de/janchristiangruenhage/math/Number.java Normal file
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package de.janchristiangruenhage.math;
/**
* The class <tt>Number</tt> represents a one digit number and a multiple digit carry
* <p>
* Examples: The Number representation of:
* 12 would be 2 carry 1
* 123 would be 3 carry 12
* 5351 would be 1 carry 535
* <p>
* and so on.
*/
public class Number {
private int number;
private int carry;
/**
* Constructs a new Number using a number and a carry.
* <p>
* if the number has more than one digit, it will be split
* and the carry will be enlarged accordingly.
*
* @param number the number
* @param carry the carry
*/
public Number(int number, int carry) {
this.number = intToNumber(number).getNumber();
this.carry = carry + intToNumber(number).getCarry();
}
private Number(int number, int carry, boolean calculateNumber) {
if (calculateNumber) {
this.number = intToNumber(number).getNumber();
this.carry = carry + intToNumber(number).getCarry();
} else {
this.number = number;
this.carry = carry;
}
}
/**
* Constructs a new Number using an int only.
* <p>
* The lowest value digit will be the number, the rest will be the carry
*
* @param number the int input
*/
public Number(int number) {
this.number = intToNumber(number).getNumber();
this.carry = intToNumber(number).getCarry();
}
/**
* Adds a number to this number.
*
* @param number the number to be added
*/
public void add(Number number) {
Number tmp = add(this, number);
this.number = tmp.getNumber();
this.carry = tmp.getCarry();
}
/**
* Parses a number from a char.
*
* @param input the char input
* @return a number that represents this char
*/
public static Number parseNumber(char input) {
switch (input) {
case '0':
return new Number(0);
case '1':
return new Number(1);
case '2':
return new Number(2);
case '3':
return new Number(3);
case '4':
return new Number(4);
case '5':
return new Number(5);
case '6':
return new Number(6);
case '7':
return new Number(7);
case '8':
return new Number(8);
case '9':
return new Number(9);
default:
return new Number(0);
}
}
/**
* Getter for the number variable.
*
* @return the number variable
*/
public int getNumber() {
return number;
}
/**
* Getter for the carry variable.
*
* @return the carry variable
*/
public int getCarry() {
return carry;
}
/**
* Multiplies two numbers without a carry and the carry to the result num.
*
* @param factorOne first factor
* @param factorTwo second factor
* @param carry carry
* @return (new Number(factorOne * factorTwo + carry))
*/
public static Number multiply(Number factorOne, Number factorTwo, int carry) {
int result = (factorOne.getNumber() * factorTwo.getNumber()) + carry;
return intToNumber(result);
}
/**
* Adds up two numbers and their carries
*
* @param addendOne first addend
* @param addendTwo second addend
* @return the resulting number
*/
public static Number add(Number addendOne, Number addendTwo) {
int result = addendOne.getNumber()
+ addendTwo.getNumber()
+ addendOne.getCarry() * 10
+ addendTwo.getCarry() * 10;
//The carries have to be multiplied by ten,
// since they are ten times as weighted as the normal numbers
return intToNumber(result);
}
private static Number intToNumber(int input) {
Number result;
int number = input % 10;
//Gets the first digit
int carry = (input - number) / 10;
//removes the first digit from the input and assign that to the carry
result = new Number(number, carry, false);
//private constructor as only way to instantiate
// the Number with the ability to directly set the number and carry
// without them getting pushed through this method again
// for ensuring that the number is a one digit number.
// If they were pushed through this method again,
// it would result in an endless loop resulting in a Stack Overflow
return result;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "" + number;
}
}

304
src/de/janchristiangruenhage/math/addition/Addition.java Normal file
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package de.janchristiangruenhage.math.addition;
import de.janchristiangruenhage.exceptions.FeatureNotImplementedYetException;
import de.janchristiangruenhage.math.Number;
public class Addition {
private String[] addends;
private int splitLines;
private String result;
private int resultLength;
private boolean cutResult;
private String resultCarry;
private boolean calculated;
/**
* Constructs a new <tt>Addition.</tt>
*
* @param addends The Addends
* @param splitLines After how many lines an additional Result will be calculated
* @param resultLength How many digits the result should have, for overflow or a carry
* see cutResult
* @param cutResult If the result should be cut
*/
public Addition(String[] addends, int splitLines, int resultLength, boolean cutResult) {
this.addends = addends;
this.splitLines = splitLines;
this.resultLength = resultLength;
this.cutResult = cutResult;
}
/**
* Creates an easily readable Addition and returns it.
*
* @return String representation of the Calculation
*/
public String printCalculation() {
if (calculated) {
return result;
}
if (splitLines != 0) {
//decides whether the Addition has to be split before Calculation
throw new FeatureNotImplementedYetException();
//Throws new Feature not Implemented Yet Exception
//return splitAndPrint();
//splits and prints the calculation, not working yet
} else {
return print();
//just prints the calculation
}
}
/**
* Creates an easily readable Addition and returns it.
* This is used if the Addition doesn't have to be split anymore
*
* @return String representation of the Calculation
*/
private String print() {
int maximum = 0;
//Variable for the Maximum Length of a Addend String
String[] shortenedAddends = new String[addends.length];
for (int i = 0; i < addends.length; i++) {
shortenedAddends[i] = addends[i].substring(1).trim();
//The substring for removing the plus symbol at the beginning, the trimming for removing unnecessary spaces
maximum = (shortenedAddends[i].length() > maximum) ?
//Checks whether the length of the i-th String is higher than the maximum variable
shortenedAddends[i].length() : maximum;
//Assigns the maximum the correct value, the string length if its bigger, itself otherwise
}
result = "";
//Constructs the new String where the result will be saved in
String carries = "0";
//Constructs the new String where the carries will be saved in
int carry = 0;
//New variable for the carry at the point of the calculation
for (int i = 0; i < maximum; i++) {
AdditionColumn additionColumn = new AdditionColumn(shortenedAddends, carries, carry, i).invoke();
//Method-Object for calculating a single column of the addition
carries = additionColumn.getCarries();
//Get the carries string from the Method-Object
carry = additionColumn.getCarry();
//Get the carry from the Method-Object
}
String retVal = "";
//Construct the retVal String where the calculation wil be put into
for (String addend : shortenedAddends) {
retVal = addAddend(retVal, addend);
//Adds the addend to the retVal string in a new line
}
for (int i = 0; i < addends[0].length(); i++) {
retVal += " ";
//Adds a line of spaces
}
retVal += "\n";
//Adds a new line
while (carries.length() > 0 && carries.charAt(0) == '0') {
carries = carries.substring(1, carries.length());
//removes leading zeroes from the carries string
}
if (cutResult && carries.length() > resultLength) {
carries = "("
+ carries.substring(0, carries.length() - resultLength)
+ ")"
+ carries.substring(carries.length() - resultLength);
//adds braces around the cut part of the result, if wanted
}
while (carries.length() < addends[0].length() - 1) {
carries = " " + carries;
//elongates the carries string with spaces
}
carries = "+" + carries;
//adds the plus symbol to the carries string
retVal += carries + "\n";
//adds the carries string to the retVal string in a new line
for (int i = 0; i < addends[0].length(); i++) {
retVal += "_";
//draws a line
}
retVal += "\n";
//adds new line
if (cutResult && result.length() > resultLength) {
resultCarry = result.substring(0, result.length() - resultLength);
//cuts the carry from the result
result = "("
+ resultCarry
+ ")"
+ result.substring(result.length() - resultLength);
//adds braces around the carry
}
while (result.length() <= addends[0].length() - 1) {
result = " " + result;
//elongates the result string
}
retVal += result;
//adds the result to the retVal string
retVal += "\n\n\n\n";
//adds four new lines after the calculation
calculated = true;
//sets calculated to true, that the result doesn't have to be recalculated if it is needed again
return retVal;
}
private String addAddend(String retVal, String addend) {
String addendCopy = addend;
while (addendCopy.length() > 0 && addendCopy.charAt(0) == '0') {
addendCopy = addendCopy.substring(1, addendCopy.length());
//cuts leading zeroes
}
if (addendCopy.length() == 0) {
return retVal;
//skips the addend, if it is zero and therefore an empty line
}
if (cutResult && addend.length() > resultLength) {
addendCopy = "("
+ addend.substring(0, addend.length() - resultLength)
+ ")"
+ addend.substring(addend.length() - resultLength);
//adds braces around the cut part of the addend
}
while (addendCopy.length() < addends[0].length() - 1) {
addendCopy = " " + addendCopy;
//elongates the addend with spaces
}
addendCopy = "+" + addendCopy;
//adds a plus symbol in front of the addend
retVal += addendCopy;
//adds the addend to the retVal string
retVal += "\n";
//adds a new line to the retVal string
return retVal;
}
// /**
// * TODO: Not Working ATM
// * <p>
// * Creates an easily readable Addition and returns it.
// * This first splits the Additions and then calls their printCalculation() Method
// * it is therefore an indirect recursion, since this method is only called by the
// * printCalculation() Method.
// *
// * @return String representation of the Calculation
// */
// private String splitAndPrint() {
// int numberOfAdditions = (addends.length - splitLines) / (splitLines - 1) + 1;
// if (addends.length - splitLines - numberOfAdditions * (splitLines - 1) != 0) {
// numberOfAdditions += 1;
// }
// Addition[] additions = new Addition[numberOfAdditions];
// String[] carries = new String[numberOfAdditions - 1];
// for (int i = 0; i < additions.length; i++) {
// copyAddends(additions, carries, i);
// }
// String retVal = "";
// for (Addition addition : additions) {
// retVal = addition.printCalculation() + retVal;
// }
// return retVal;
// }
// //TODO: Not Working ATM
// private void copyAddends(Addition[] additions, String[] carries, int i) {
// if (i == 0) {
// String[] addends = new String[splitLines];
// System.arraycopy(this.addends, 0, addends, 0, splitLines);
// additions[i] = new Addition(addends, 0, resultLength, cutResult);
// carries[i] = additions[i].calcResult().getResult();
// } else {
// String[] addends = new String[splitLines];
// addends[0] = carries[i - 1];
// System.arraycopy(this.addends, splitLines + (i - 1) * (splitLines - 1), addends, 1, splitLines - 1);
// additions[i] = new Addition(addends, 0, resultLength, cutResult);
// if (i < carries.length) {
// carries[i] = additions[i].calcResult().getResult();
// }
// }
// }
// /**
// * Getter for the Result
// *
// * @return the Result
// */
// private String getResult() {
// return result;
// }
// /**
// * Calculates the Result, but doesn't return the result, it returns itself instead.
// *
// * @return Itself
// */
// private Addition calcResult() {
// printCalculation();
// return this;
// }
/**
* Getter for the ResultCarry, which is the Carry of the Result
*
* @return the ResultCarry
*/
public String getResultCarry() {
return resultCarry;
}
/**
* The Class <tt>AdditionColumn</tt> represents one Column of the Addition
*/
private class AdditionColumn {
private String[] shortenedAddends;
private String carries;
private int carry;
private int i;
/**
* Constructs a new <tt>AdditionColumn</tt>
*
* @param shortenedAddends The Addend Strings,
* without additional spacing and the plus symbol
* @param carries The String of Carries
* @param carry The Carry for this column
* @param i which column of the Addends should be used
*/
public AdditionColumn(String[] shortenedAddends, String carries, int carry, int i) {
this.shortenedAddends = shortenedAddends;
this.carries = carries;
this.carry = carry;
this.i = i;
}
/**
* Getter for the Carries
*
* @return the carries
*/
public String getCarries() {
return carries;
}
/**
* Getter for the Carry
*
* @return the Carry
*/
public int getCarry() {
return carry;
}
public AdditionColumn invoke() {
Number resultNum = new Number(0);
for (String addend : shortenedAddends) {
if ((addend.length() - i - 1) >= 0) {
resultNum.add(Number.parseNumber(addend.charAt(addend.length() - i - 1)));
}
}
resultNum.add(new Number(carry));
carry = resultNum.getCarry();
Number carryNum = new Number(carry);
carries = carryNum.getNumber() + carries;
result = resultNum.getNumber() + result;
return this;
}
}
}

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src/de/janchristiangruenhage/math/multiplication/LongMultiplication.java Normal file
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package de.janchristiangruenhage.math.multiplication;
import java.util.LinkedList;
/**
* The class <tt>LongMultiplication</tt> represents a Multiplication of two factors,
* one very very large one (basically limitless)
* and a relatively large one (more than about 25 digits make the calculation pretty confusing)
*/
public class LongMultiplication {
private String factorOne;
private String factorTwo;
private int splitInLine;
private int splitLines;
/**
* @param factorOne First Factor
* @param factorTwo Second Factor
* @param splitInLine How many digits of the first Factor will be used per multiplication
* @param splitLines How many lines of the multiplication will be added in one addition,
* If != 0 and smaller than the number of digits in the second factor,
* there will be multiple Additions per Multiplication.
*/
public LongMultiplication(String factorOne, String factorTwo, int splitInLine, int splitLines) {
this.factorOne = factorOne;
this.factorTwo = factorTwo;
this.splitInLine = splitInLine;
this.splitLines = splitLines;
}
/**
* Creates and easily readable Multiplication and returns it.
*
* @return String representation of the Calculation
*/
public String printCalculation() {
LinkedList<Multiplication> multiplications = new LinkedList<>();
//Constructing new List for Multiplications
while (factorOne.length() > splitInLine && splitInLine != 0) {
String splitFactorString = factorOne.substring(factorOne.length() - splitInLine);
factorOne = factorOne.substring(0, factorOne.length() - splitInLine);
//Cutting String for Multiplication Parts
multiplications.add(new Multiplication(splitFactorString, factorTwo, splitLines, false));
//Constructing new Multiplication and adding it to the List
}
multiplications.add(new Multiplication(factorOne, factorTwo, splitLines, true));
//Constructing last new Multiplication and adding i to the List
String retVal = "";
//Initialising the retVal String, which will be returned
for (int i = 0; i < multiplications.size(); i++) {
retVal = multiplications.get(i).printCalculation() + retVal;
//"Printing" the Multiplication, adding it to the retVal String
if (i < multiplications.size() - 1) {
//This is needed to avoid a index out of bounds exception since the next line always uses the following multiplication too
multiplications.get(i + 1).setCarry(multiplications.get(i).getResultCarry());
//Calculating the Carry for the following Multiplication
}
}
return retVal;
}
}

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src/de/janchristiangruenhage/math/multiplication/Main.java Normal file
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package de.janchristiangruenhage.math.multiplication;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(new LongMultiplication(
"1234567890987654321234567890987654321234567890",
"1029384756574839201", 30, 0).printCalculation());
System.out.println(new LongMultiplication(
"1234567890987654321234567890987654321234567890",
"1029384756574839201", 30, 3).printCalculation());
}
}

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src/de/janchristiangruenhage/math/multiplication/Multiplication.java Normal file
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package de.janchristiangruenhage.math.multiplication;
import de.janchristiangruenhage.math.Number;
import de.janchristiangruenhage.math.addition.Addition;
/**
* The class <tt>Multiplication</tt> represents a Multiplication fo two relatively large factors,
* with about 25 digits per factor being a reasonable limit.
*/
public class Multiplication {
private String factorOne;
private String factorTwo;
private int splitLines;
private boolean highestMultiplication;
private String carry;
private String resultCarry;
/**
* Constructs a new Multiplication Object
*
* @param factorOne First Factor
* @param factorTwo Second Factor
* @param splitLines How many lines of the multiplication will be added in one addition,
* If != 0 and smaller than the number of digits in the second factor,
* there will be multiple Additions per Multiplication.
* @param highestMultiplication If this is a single or the top one of a row of multiplications,
* there is no carry that will be passed over from this one to another Multiplication,
* so the part that would be the carry has not to be enclosed in braces.
*/
public Multiplication(String factorOne, String factorTwo, int splitLines, boolean highestMultiplication) {
this.factorOne = factorOne;
this.factorTwo = factorTwo;
this.splitLines = splitLines;
this.highestMultiplication = highestMultiplication;
this.carry = "0";
//Initializes carry as zero in case it is the lowest multiplication,
//In case it is not set to another value later
}
/**
* Creates and easily readable Multiplication and returns it.
*
* @return String representation of the Calculation
*/
public String printCalculation() {
String retVal = "";
for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
retVal += " ";
}
//Makes the First line some characters longer
retVal += factorOne + " * " + factorTwo;
//Adds the two factors and the Multiplication symbol to the first Line
int lineLength = retVal.length();
//Saves the length of the first line, this is needed later on since all lines need to have the same length
retVal += "\n";
for (int i = 0; i < lineLength; i++) {
retVal += "_";
}
//Draws a line as the second line
retVal += "\n";
String[] lines;
//array of lines, where the resulting addends will go to
lines = new String[factorTwo.length() + 1];
lines[lines.length - 1] = carry;
//adds carry as last line
while (lines[lines.length - 1].length() < (lineLength - 1)) {
lines[lines.length - 1] = " " + lines[lines.length - 1];
//elongates the carries line with spaces
}
lines[lines.length - 1] = "+" + lines[lines.length - 1];
//adds a plus symbol to the carries line
for (int i = 0; i < factorTwo.length(); i++) {
//iterates through the second factor, therefore through the lines,
// since there is a line for each digit in the second factor
lines[i] = "";
//constructs the new line string
int carry = 0;
//creates new carry variable
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
lines[i] = 0 + lines[i];
//adds zeroes to the addends, depending on the digit they get multiplied with,
//for example if its the line of the 3 in 344, then two zeroes get added
}
Number factorTwoNum = Number.parseNumber(factorTwo.charAt(factorTwo.length() - i - 1));
//Parses the first one digit factor from the first factor string
for (int j = 0; j < factorOne.length(); j++) {
Number factorOneNum = Number.parseNumber(factorOne.charAt(factorOne.length() - j - 1));
//Parses the second one digit factor from the first factor string
Number result = Number.multiply(factorOneNum, factorTwoNum, carry);
//Multiplies the factors, adds the carry after that
carry = result.getCarry();
//assigns the carry it's new value
lines[i] = result.toString() + lines[i];
//adds the result to the line
}
if (carry != 0) {
lines[i] = carry + lines[i];
//if there is a carry left in the end, it gets added to the same line
}
while (lines[i].length() < (lineLength - 1)) {
lines[i] = " " + lines[i];
//elongates the line with spaces
}
if (i > 0) {
lines[i] = "+" + lines[i];
//adds a plus symbol to the line
} else {
lines[i] = " " + lines[i];
//adds another space to the line
}
}
Addition addition = new Addition(lines, splitLines, factorOne.length(), !highestMultiplication);
//Construct the new addition
retVal += addition.printCalculation();
//prints the addition and adds that to the retVal string
resultCarry = addition.getResultCarry();
//saves the resultCarry of the addition,
// this is used for the higher multiplications, if there are any
return retVal;
}
/**
* Setter for the carry
*
* @param carry the carry
*/
public void setCarry(String carry) {
this.carry = carry;
}
/**
* Getter for the carry of the result
*
* @return the carry of the result
*/
public String getResultCarry() {
return resultCarry;
}
}

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src/de/janchristiangruenhage/util/MultiOutput.java Normal file
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package de.janchristiangruenhage.util;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.LinkedList;
/**
* Created by green on 12/8/2015.
*/
public class MultiOutput {
LinkedList<Writer> writers;
LinkedList<PrintStream> printStreams;
public MultiOutput() {
writers = new LinkedList<>();
printStreams = new LinkedList<>();
}
public boolean add(Writer writer) {
return writers.add(writer);
}
public boolean add(PrintStream printStream) {
return printStreams.add(printStream);
}
public void println(String out) {
for (Writer writer : writers) {
try {
writer.write(out + "\n");
writer.flush();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
for (PrintStream printStream : printStreams) {
printStream.println(out);
}
}
}